Written by Sonia Su

Fleece is a soft, warm, and lightweight fabric made primarily from polyester. It's a synthetic material designed to mimic the warmth and texture of wool, commonly used in jackets, blankets, and activewear. Fleece is popular for its breathability, moisture-wicking properties, and quick-drying capabilities.

In recent years, fleece has grown in popularity, particularly in outdoor and active wear. As a versatile and comfortable fabric, it has been utilized for various clothing items, including fleece jackets, hoodies, and even blankets.

From my experience, one of the primary positives of fleece is its lightweight nature. Unlike traditional wool, which can be heavy and sometimes itchy, fleece offers a soft and smooth texture that feels great against the skin. This makes it an ideal choice for layering, as it doesn't add unnecessary weight or restrict movement.

In this article, we go over what is fleece and how and why it has evolved to its modern-day uses and trends.

 

The Origins of Fleece

Fleece, in the context of textiles, refers to a type of synthetic fabric that is widely known for its warmth, softness, and lightweight properties.

The history of fleece fabric dates back to the 1970s when polyester fleece was developed as an innovative alternative to wool. Traditional wool, while warm and insulating, can be heavy, itchy, and slow to dry.

To address these issues, Malden Mills (now known as Polartec) introduced the first synthetic polyester fleece fabric in 1979, which was made from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or other synthetic fibers.

The invention of fleece fabric revolutionized the outdoor and sportswear industries due to its unique characteristics. Fleece is highly breathable, moisture-wicking, and quick-drying, making it ideal for active wear.

Its insulating properties come from its structure; the fabric is typically napped on both sides to create a fluffy, insulating layer that traps body heat. This structure also contributes to its lightweight nature, making it a popular choice for layering in cold weather without adding bulk.

Evolution of Fleece

Over the years, fleece fabric has undergone numerous advancements. Variations such as microfleece, mid-weight fleece, and heavy-weight fleece have been developed to cater to different levels of warmth and activity.

Interestingly, eco-friendly versions of fleece fabrics have been created, often made from recycled plastic bottles, aligning with the growing demand for sustainable and environmentally responsible products.

Today, fleece fabric remains a staple in the production of lightweight jackets, blankets, hats, and other cold-weather gear, celebrated for its versatility and performance.

 

Where the Word "Fleece" Comes From

The word "fleece" has an interesting origin tied to its historical use and material properties. It derives from the Old French word "flais" or "flees," which refers to the wool of a sheep or similar animal.

Over time, this term evolved into "fleece" in English, specifically referring to the woolly coat of sheep.

In ancient times, fleece was highly valued for its warmth and softness, especially in colder climates. The story of the Golden Fleece from Greek mythology, sought by Jason and the Argonauts, reflects its legendary status as a symbol of wealth and prosperity.

In modern usage, the term "fleece" extends beyond natural wool to include synthetic fabrics that mimic its warmth and soft texture.

 

What is Fleece Made Of?

For how widespread it is, you may be wondering, "What is fleece actually made of?" Fleece is a synthetic fabric made primarily from polyester, which is derived from petroleum. The production process begins with the creation of polyester fibers through a chemical reaction involving petroleum, air, and water.

The polyester fibers are then spun into yarn, which is subsequently knitted into fabric. Fleece fabric is brushed to create a soft, fluffy texture that resembles the insulating properties of wool, giving fleece its characteristic warmth and softness.

In addition to polyester, some fleece materials may incorporate other synthetic fibers, such as nylon, to enhance their durability and stretch. Blended versions can also include natural fibers like cotton for improved breathability and comfort.

Benefits of Fleece

The versatility of fleece material makes it popular for a wide range of clothing and accessories, including jackets, hoodies, blankets, and outdoor gear.

Fleece is known for its excellent insulation properties, lightweight feel, and quick-drying capabilities. It is also highly breathable, making fleece fabric ideal for active wear and outdoor activities.

Furthermore, fleece's ability to retain warmth even when wet makes it a favored material for cold weather gear. However, being a synthetic fabric, fleece can contribute to microplastic pollution when washed, as tiny fibers can be released into the water system.

Fleece At A Glance - Table

Feature	Fleece Details
Material	Primarily polyester (can include recycled plastic bottles or cotton blends)
Texture	Soft, fluffy, brushed on one or both sides
Warmth	Excellent insulation even when wet
Weight	Lightweight and easy to layer
Common Uses	Jackets, hoodies, blankets, outdoor gear
Care	Machine washable, quick drying
Sustainability	Varies; look for recycled fleece for eco-friendly options

What is Sherpa Fleece?

Sherpa fleece is a synthetic fabric designed to mimic the properties of natural wool. Named after the Sherpa people of Nepal, who are renowned for their mountaineering skills and traditional wool garments, Sherpa fleece is prized for its warmth and softness.

It is commonly used in the linings of jackets, blankets, and outdoor apparel, offering a cozy and insulating layer that helps retain body heat.

Levi's Navy Blue Sherpa Full Zip Jacket

The fabric typically features a fluffy, nubby texture on one side, which closely resembles the appearance and feel of sheepskin or lamb's wool.

The other side is usually smooth, making it versatile for use in a variety of clothing items and accessories. Sherpa fleece is lightweight, breathable, and moisture-wicking, which makes it an excellent choice for cold weather conditions.

Advantages of Sherpa Fleece

One of the key advantages of Sherpa fleece is its ease of care. Unlike natural wool, which can be delicate and require special handling, Sherpa fleece is generally machine washable and dries quickly.

Its durability and resistance to pilling add to its appeal, making it a popular choice for both fashion and functional outdoor gear.

And because it is made from synthetic materials like polyester, Sherpa fleece is often more affordable than its natural counterparts while still providing similar levels of comfort and warmth.

There are several types of fleece, including polar fleece, microfleece, and recycled/eco-friendly French Terry fleece. Polar fleece is thicker and provides more insulation, microfleece is lightweight and suitable for layering, while recycled fleece is made from recycled materials, offering an eco-friendly option.

 

What is Fleece Fabric?

Fleece fabric is a synthetic textile known for its warmth, softness, and lightweight properties. Typically made from polyester, fleece fabric is created through a process that involves knitting the fabric and then brushing it to create a plush, fuzzy surface.

This brushing process raises the fibers, which enhances the fabric's insulating properties by trapping air, thereby retaining body heat. The result is a material that mimics the warmth of wool but is lighter and often more affordable.

One of the key features of fleece fabric is its versatility. It is widely used in the production of outdoor and athletic apparel, such as jackets, hoodies, and sweatshirts, due to its excellent thermal insulation and breathability.

Lucky Brand's Fleece Lined Jacket

Fleece fabric is also favored for its moisture-wicking abilities, which help keep the wearer dry by drawing sweat away from the skin. This makes it particularly popular in activewear and sports clothing.

Fleece fabric is also appreciated for its ease of care. It is machine washable, quick-drying, and resistant to polyester shrinking and wrinkling, making it a practical choice for everyday wear.

Fleece fabric's durability and resistance to pilling—where small balls of fiber form on the surface—further contribute to its widespread use.

Despite its synthetic origins, advancements in textile technology have allowed for the production of eco-friendlier fleece material, incorporating recycled materials and reducing environmental impact.

 

How to Wear Fleece: A Style Guide

Now that you know what is fleece and how versatile it can be, here's a comprehensive style guide on how to wear fleece in various settings:

1. Casual Chic:

• Fleece Pullover: Opt for a classic fleece pullover in a neutral color like gray or navy. Pair it with dark denim jeans and sneakers for a relaxed yet stylish look.

• Layering: Use fleece as a mid-layer under a denim or leather jacket. This adds warmth and texture to your outfit while keeping it stylishly casual.

2. Outdoor Adventure:

• Fleece Jacket: Choose a lightweight fleece jacket with moisture-wicking properties for hiking or camping. Pair it with technical pants and sturdy boots for a practical outdoor ensemble.

• Accessories: Don't forget a fleece beanie or scarf to keep your head and neck warm. Opt for colors that complement your jacket for a coordinated look. Here's a list of the best men's beanies for winter.

3. Sporty Elegance:

• Fleece Vest: Layer a fleece vest over a long-sleeve shirt and chinos for a sporty yet polished outfit. This works well for casual Fridays at the office or weekend brunches.

 

 

Carhartt Men's Sherpa-Lined Fleece Vest

• Mix Textures: Combine fleece with different textures like cotton or denim to add dimension to your outfit. For example, pair a fleece vest with a chambray shirt and corduroy pants.

4. Urban Streetwear:

• Statement Piece: Choose a fleece hoodie or sweatshirt with bold graphics or patterns for a trendy streetwear look. Pair it with joggers and high-top sneakers for urban flair.

 

 

Levi's Cotton Plaid Sherpa Fleece Hoodie Jacket

• Layering with Style: Experiment with layering by wearing a longline T-shirt under your fleece hoodie. Add accessories like a snapback cap or sunglasses to complete the look.

5. Smart Casual:

• Fleece Blazer: Yes, fleece blazers exist and they're perfect for smart casual occasions. Pair a fleece blazer with tailored trousers and loafers for a sophisticated yet cozy ensemble.

• Accessorize Thoughtfully: Opt for minimalist accessories like a leather watch or a sleek belt to complement your smart casual fleece outfit without overwhelming it. Browse Nimble Made's sleek men's accessories, such as this Brown Leather Card Holder Wallet.

6. Athleisure Comfort:

• Fleece Joggers: Embrace comfort with fleece joggers paired with a basic T-shirt or hoodie. Add running shoes and a backpack for a stylish athleisure look that's perfect for running errands or lounging. Check out Nimble Made's slim-fit T-shirts, such as this Men's White T-Shirt Crew Neck.

• Monochrome Magic: Create a monochromatic look by choosing fleece pieces in the same color family. This adds a streamlined and modern touch to your athleisure outfit.

 

Is Fleece Eco-Friendly?

Fleece is not inherently eco-friendly, as it is primarily made from polyester—a synthetic material derived from petroleum. The production of traditional polyester fleece relies on fossil fuels and generates greenhouse gas emissions, which raises environmental concerns.

Additionally, when fleece is washed, it can shed microplastic fibers that may end up in oceans and waterways, contributing to plastic pollution.

However, the industry has taken steps toward more sustainable alternatives. Recycled fleece, often made from post-consumer plastic bottles, is a more eco-conscious option.

Brands now offer fleece garments made from recycled polyester (rPET), which helps reduce landfill waste and lowers the carbon footprint compared to virgin polyester production.

Here are some eco-friendly improvements you might find in modern fleece:

• ♻️ Recycled Materials: Some fleece is made from 100% recycled plastic bottles.
• 🌿 Low-Impact Dyes: Sustainable brands may use dyes that reduce water and chemical usage.
• 🧼 Wash Bags: Using a wash bag (like a Guppyfriend) can catch microfibers during laundry to prevent them from entering the water system.

If you're looking to make a more sustainable choice, consider:

• Buying fleece labeled as “recycled” or “rPET”
• Choosing high-quality fleece that lasts longer to reduce consumption
• Washing fleece less frequently or with filters to minimize microfiber release

In summary, while traditional fleece isn’t the most eco-friendly fabric, recycled fleece is a step in the right direction for more sustainable fashion.

If you liked this article, check out our other guides on what is tweed, what is broadcloth, what is linen fabric, and what is rayon fabric.

 

FAQs about What is Fleece

What kind of fabric is fleece?

Fleece is a soft, warm fabric typically made from synthetic fibers like polyester. It's designed to mimic the insulating properties of wool, but with added benefits like being lightweight, quick-drying, and easy to care for.

Is fleece a cotton or wool?

Fleece is neither cotton nor wool—though it can feel similar to both. Most fleece is made from 100% polyester, which is a synthetic material. However, there are some fleece blends that include cotton for added softness or breathability.

Is fleece the same as 100% polyester?

Fleece is made from polyester, but not all polyester fabric is fleece. Fleece undergoes a special brushing or napping process that creates its plush, fuzzy texture and improves its insulation. So while fleece is often 100% polyester, not all polyester fabrics have the warmth and texture of fleece.

Is fleece actually warmer?

Yes, fleece is known for being warm and insulating. Its fluffy fibers trap heat and create air pockets that help retain body warmth. It’s especially effective as a mid-layer in cold weather, and it stays warm even when it gets damp, unlike some natural fibers.